Life Force Research Articles

Speech Task Force and Quality of Life after Surgery in Children with Cleft Lip and Palate: Limitation of Professionals

Abstract Background Shortage of speech and language therapists results in lack of speech services. The aims of this study were to find the effectiveness of a combination speech therapy model at Level IV: General speech and language pathologist (GSLP) and Level V: Specific speech and language pathologist (SSLP) in reduction of the number of articulation errors and promotion the quality of life (QoL) for children with cleft palate with or without cleft lip (CP ± L). Methods Fifteen children with CP ± L, aged 4 years 1 month to 10 years 9 months (median = 76 months; minimum:maximum = 49:129 months) were enrolled in this study. Pre- and post-assessment included oral peripheral examination; articulation tests via Articulation Screening Test, Thai Universal Parameters of Speech Outcomes for People with Cleft Palate, Hearing Evaluation, The World Health Organization Quality of Life Brief_Thai (WHOQOL-BRIEF-THAI) version questionnaire for QoL were performed. Speech therapy included a 3-day intensive speech camp by SSLP, five 30-minute speech therapy sessions by a GSLP, and five 1-day follow-up speech camps by SSLP that provided four 45-minute speech therapy sessions for each child. Results Post-articulation revealed statistically significant reduction of the numbers of articulation errors at word, sentence, and screening levels (median difference [MD] = 3, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 2–5; MD = 6, 95% CI = 4.5–8; MD = 2.25, 95% CI = 1.5–3, respectively) and improvement of QoL. Conclusion A speech task force consisting of a combination of Level IV: GSLP and Level V: SSLP could significantly reduce the number of articulation errors and promote QoL.

In Vitro Immunomodulatory Activity of Sagalanoi Chooranam (Poly Herbal Formulation) in RAW Macrophage Cell Line

Within the realm of Siddha medicine, an ancient and venerable traditional healing system hailing from India, a comprehensive methodology is deployed to combat liver disorders. This approach is characterised by the utilisation of herbal remedies, accentuating the reinstatement of equilibrium in the body's vital life force, known as "Vatham," "Pitham," and "Kapham." The utilisation of cell line studies is crucial in assessing the immunomodulatory properties of herbal medicine, offering invaluable insights into their capacity to influence the immune system and advancing our comprehension of their therapeutic benefits. The primary objective of this investigation was to elucidate the potential immunomodulatory properties of sagalanoi chooranam, a polyherbal Siddha formulation, through the execution of anti-proliferative assays conducted. On the RAW 264.7 macrophage cell line. Various test solutions were precisely prepared, encompassing a spectrum of concentrations (50, 100 and 200 μg/ml). The RAW 264.7 cells were diligently cultured and then carefully subjected to stimulation with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to initiate cellular activation. Following this activation, the test formulation was introduced at varying concentrations, after which the cells underwent a 24-hour incubation period. The resultant nitrite levels, serving as indicators of immunomodulatory response, were evaluated within the cell lysate. The outcomes unveiled a notable decline in nitrite levels, correlating with the dosage of the test formulation during the incubation with RAW 264.7 cells. The outcomes of the study elucidate a conspicuous decline in nitrite levels in direct correlation with escalating concentrations of the test formulation, contrasting starkly with the control group exclusively subjected to LPS. Furthermore, the investigation meticulously probed the ramifications of the test formulation on cellular viability. The vitality of RAW 264.7 cells exhibited a discernible downward trajectory as the concentration of the test formulation ascended. Noteworthy is the fact that, at the concentration of 200 μg/ml, cellular viability registered at a mere 55.53 ± 3.567%. Collectively, these findings lend credence to the hypothesis that the test formulation possesses a dose-dependent capacity to attenuate both nitrite levels and cellular viability within the RAW 264.7 cell milieu, underscoring its auspicious immunomodulatory attributes. This research expands our insights into the potential immunological ramifications of the test formulation and underscores its plausible utility within the realm of immunomodulation. 

Occlusal force orchestrates alveolar bone homeostasis via Piezo1 in female mice.

Healthy alveolar bone is the cornerstone of oral function and oral treatment. Alveolar bone is highly dynamic during the entire lifespan and is affected by both systemic and local factors. Importantly, alveolar bone is subjected to unique occlusal force in daily life, and mechanical force is a powerful trigger of bone remodeling, but the effect of occlusal force in maintaining alveolar bone mass remains ambiguous. In this study, the Piezo1 channel is identified as an occlusal force sensor. Activation of Piezo1 rescues alveolar bone loss caused by a loss of occlusal force. Moreover, we identify Piezo1 as the mediator of occlusal force in osteoblasts, maintaining alveolar bone homeostasis by directly promoting osteogenesis and by sequentially regulating catabolic metabolism through Fas ligand (FasL)-induced osteoclastic apoptosis. Interestingly, Piezo1 activation also exhibits remarkable efficacy in the treatment of alveolar bone osteoporosis caused by estrogen deficiency, which is highly prevalent among middle-aged and elderly women. Promisingly, Piezo1 may serve not only as a treatment target for occlusal force loss-induced alveolar bone loss but also as a potential target for metabolic bone loss, especially in older patients.

Analysis of the environmental damage and agricultural utilization in Forest Area of Dieang Plateau, Central Java, Indonesia

Dieng Plateau is a renowned tourist attraction due to its captivating panoramas, protected forest, agricultural viability, and geothermal resources. However, encouraging social life forces the local community to depend on the surrounding forest by utilizing the forest area as agricultural land. These activities harm the environment. This study aimed to determine the level of environmental damage and agricultural utilization in forest area of Dieng Plateau. Data collection methods were observation and interviews, with a purposive determination of the sample. Data analysis was carried out spatially to determine the level of environmental damage. The results showed that the erosion rate in the Dieng Plateau was in the moderate (33-35 cm), heavy (86-100 cm) and very heavy class (92-235 cm). The level of canopy cover is in the moderately dense class (60%), sparse class (20-40%) and very sparse class (<20%). The level of land productivity is in the low class (40%), moderate class (45-53%), high class (70%) and very high (93%). The level of environmental management ranged from poor to excellent. The level of environmental damage in total is in the rather severe and damaged class. For this reason, it is necessary to implementing environmental damage control strategies by land rehabilitation and closely monitoring agricultural activities by the forest area management and local government authorities are essential measures.

Creating Kinship Through the Animating Potential of Qi

I detail how a return to Asia as a third-generation Chinese American grants me the cultural resources to be in fluid relation with others. This article illustrates how the cultivation of one’s vital energy or qi life force can serve as an onto-epistemology and a methodological orientation, given its unique existence as both movement and substance, offering up a perspective to live within the interstices of the potential and the actual. In this autoethnography, I detail how local Taiwanese dynamics illustrate the vitality of qi’s characteristics, often demonstrating a socially embedded pedagogy of cultivating a heightened awareness of others, in essence, issuing dynamic invitations to kinship. Last, this article issues a call to open to a spirit of continual activation of possibility as a radical replacement to a perception of reality as a series of arrivals at static conditions.

Ethos of Revisionist History in Krishna Sen Ichchhuk’s Poems

This study attempts to explore and analyze how Ichchhuk revisits the official history of Nepal and rewrites it from the perspective of marginalized group in his poems “Haata Lagyo Sunya” (Achieved Zero in Hand), “Machha-Machha Bhyaguto” (Fish-Fish Frog) and “Euta Gauleko Diary” (One Villager’s Diary). It also projects how the poet blurs the boundary between fact and fiction in the light of new-historicist perspective that gives equal value to both history and literature. This research seeks to find out how the poet brings forth the history from the below and problematizes the history from the top model that has been characterized with the deceptive discourse of freedom, equality, democracy and human rights. The paper displays what contributing factors are responsible to dismantle the mainstream history and write history of the people. It also depicts the poet’s appeal to people with optimistic feeling and revolutionary spirit to create unity among the people of the margin and fight back against the powerful rulers to bring new sunshine in human life being liberated from the oppressive clutch of the feudal and fascist leaders who always deceive the people with illusive fish history. This article demonstrates Ichchhuk’s courage, will power and life force to valorize the common people’s history and to defy the official history. To justify how history should be rewritten, the researcher uses the new-historicist ideas of Michel Foucault, Stephen Greenblatt and Catherine Gallagher. This research work shows how poets like Ichchhuk raise consciousness in marginalized people of the world and raise voice in order to establish an egalitarian human society dismantling the official history and writing the inclusive history of the people.

Die praxis der Übersetzung

Abstract Around 1800, to be more precise, in Early German Romanticism, a decisive leap to an aesthetic imperative of form is being articulated. This new concept of form borrows its template from (empirical) life, where again in the concept of “vital force” (Lebenskraft) the origin for the drive of life is thought? to be found. This paper aims to investigate how this concept, emerging? in the life sciences, not only is being implemented into, but is also declared to be the motor of the life of literature. The initial observation of this investigation is the statement that (the) life (of literature) comes into being because force gives it form. Literature, in turn, can bring this process to view – this is its epistemological merit. Because literature in Early German Romanticism not only elevates itself to a form of life, but also sees the shaping of life as the result of an engagement with literature, the propaedeutic of which is in turn itself, literature – according to the hypothesis – becomes the vital force of life and thus praxis.

Literary review of Marma Chikitsa

Ayurveda, the ancient science of holistic medicine and well-being, has been meticulously passed down through generations by Indian sages. Among the invaluable aspects of Ayurveda bestowed upon us by these revered Acharyas is the Marma science. Although not highly advanced in the context of modern science, Marma science emphasizes crucial points on the body surface known as Marmas. The occurrence of an injury at these vital points can potentially lead to disability, dysfunction, or even the termination of life. Intriguingly, Marmas serve as pivotal junctures where the entire spectrum of our physical and mental energy can be intentionally heightened, diminished, or redirected, facilitating transformative effects through the judicious application of Marma techniques. Considered as specialized pranic switches within the body, stimulating Marma points can lead to the balanced flow of Prana (life force) in different body parts, thereby yielding the desired therapeutic benefits. This study aims to provide a comprehensive overview of Marmas, offering a general description and highlighting the utility of Marma Chikitsa in promoting overall well-being.

Erich Fromm: Clinical Mountain Guide

ABSTRACT Each psychoanalytic theory influences the clinician’s focus. This paper examines the impact of Erich Fromm’s writing on the analyst’s attention to the material in sessions. Briefly, Fromm’s work highlights the importance of the analyst’s passion, courage, pursuit of truth, capacity to bear uncertainty and suffering, and dedication to helping people embrace their freedom and realize their full potential. Fromm has inspired generations of clinicians to become politically active citizens, maintain enlivening curiosity, and kindle the life force in themselves and those they treat. What role does theory play in the moment-by-moment behavior of the analyst in a session? I first address the general question of my view of the role of theory in clinical work. Then I turn to the more specific issue of Fromm’s influence.

Review of Structural and Functional Anatomy of Kidney in Ayurvedic Literature with Special Reference to Diseases of the Kidney

Description of organs and their treatment in Ayurvedic texts is very brief. In today’s world when the diseases of organs like kidneys, heart, liver, and brain etc., are becoming very common, Ayurvedic practitioners find these descriptions inadequate to treat patients with such diseases. An effort was made to assess whether critical analysis of references related to kidneys in classical Ayurvedic texts provide inputs to an Ayurvedic Practitioner to understand the pathogenesis of Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD). Tantrayukti based interpretation of references of kidneys in classical Ayurvedic texts establishes that kidneys were known to, and are elaborately described in Ayurveda, with their anatomical details such as embryological origin, name, number, relation with other abdominal organs, location etc. They are known by the name of Vrukka, which are the abdominal organs that are two in number and are described as Basti Marma (which includes the kidneys, ureter, and Bladder) for the purpose of diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of all urine related diseases. Basti Marma is one of the three Maha Marmas i.e., most important vital organs of the body viz., Shiro (~brain), Hridaya (~heart) and Basti (~bladders). Vrukka (kidney) is formed from the nutritious part of Kapha, Meda and Rakta, gives the inputs to the practitioner to consider the metabolism of these factors in diagnosis and treatment of CKD. Physiology of formation of urine is also elaborately described in Ayurveda. The reference of Sushruta which discusses about Sahastrshaha Sukshma mukhani (~ thousands of minute openings invisible to naked eye) where urine is formed resembles the description of glomerular filtration. Formation and processing by Samaana, role of Jathar Agni, Dhatvagni and Bhutagni in formation of Mutra (~urine), storage and excretion at the level of Bladder, by Apaana is defined clearly, and this description is of immense value for practitioners. Relation of Basti Marma to Kleda (~body fluids) and its pathological connection with specific diseases is also evident. Understanding of various factors viz., Kleda (~body fluids), Marma (~vital organs), Prana (~life force), Oja (~vitality), Kalaa (~Internal membranes) Jathar Agni, Dhatvagni, Bhutagni etc., and their role in pathogenesis of CKD provides Vaidyas with inputs to devise the line of treatment of patients suffering from CKD, taking into consideration the individual condition of each patient.

KELEA Restoring of Nature’s Allostasis as a Low-Cost Alternative to Using Chemicals in Agriculture

Synthetic chemicals are widely used in agriculture mainly as fertilizers and pesticides. These chemicals were initially considered highly beneficial for crops and relatively harmless to humans and the environment. Experience, however, has shown that many have time-limited effectiveness, yet cause persisting biological disruptions. They are also an added cost amounting to approximately $130 billion annually. Nature has a limited capacity to adapt to changed conditions, including the cultivation of large monocultures and the presence of unnatural chemicals. These adaptations are referred to as Nature’s allostasis. In addition to requiring time, allostasis depends on there being sufficient life force energy. KELEA is an acronym for Kinetic Energy Limiting Electrostatic Attraction. It functions as a major life force energy, which can be conveyed in KELEA activated water. Various means are available to increase the KELEA level of groundwater and in turn that of growing crops. A low-cost approach to KELEA activation of water is provided by using pellets of volcanic rock materials that have been pulverized and heated before pelleting. Relatively few commercially available pellets, marketed as Kiko Technology, greatly increase the production of rice. Further, when used in conjunction with biochar, the pellets markedly reduce the levels of pollution in water, some of which would normally flow into land used for agriculture. The effects are attributed to KELEA Assisted Restoration of Nature’s Allostasis (KARNA). Without apparent adverse e

Educating for wisdom, love, and eco-cosmic Ubuntu: Toward an equitable planet

This article discusses the formidable challenges facing humanity, including wars, conflicts, climate change, species extinction, social divisiveness, and moral breakdown. The article critiques that contemporary education has fallen short in providing effective solutions to address these challenges, often directing learners to seek external answers while neglecting their inner wisdom. Self discovery and fostering a profound connection not only with ourselves but also with one another and Mother Nature would lead to peace and stewardship of the Earth. The article explores how we can harness the transformative power of love and compassion through contemplative practices deeply rooted in world wisdom traditions. These practices enable us to nurture the vital life force that sustains people, nature, and the entire universe. By cultivating our life energy and virtues, we expand our awareness to connect with all beings and existence and expand our capacity to drive social change.

얀 마텔의 『파이 이야기』와 『베아트리스와 버질』

Yann Martel’s two novels, Life of Pi and Beatrice and Virgil, deal with entirely different subject matters, but have something in common. Both are about outrageously hard and absurd lives, the shipwrecked life and the Holocaust, and both employ the vehicle of the animals in their representation. The survival narrative and the representation of Holocaust make the most significant use of the relation between human beings and animals. Animals are an allegory for humans in those absurdly and extremely hard situations and at the same time it is almost impossible for humans not to be animals in those situations. The tiger with his life force in Life Of Pi is no other than Pi in absolute hunger and extreme fear, since the power of animalistic sensation hits the human character’s sense organs. In Beatrice and Virgil animals are the vehicle for the tenor of the Jews in the Holocaust, but the relation between the signifier and the signified is so obscure and confused that it is almost unclear whether the novel is about animals or Holocaust. The confusion creates a certain common zone. In both novels, one becomes the other, a man becomes an animal, and vice versa. For Gilles Deleuze via Baruch Spinoza, figurative languages are not a mere vehicle for the the hidden, already fixed meaning. What matters is not the interpretation involving the signified but the intensity of the signifier itself. The latter immediately touches the reader’s or viewer’s senses before their cognitive faculties begin to work, thus one being is metamorphosized into another. It is not that humans are like animals, but that they are animals themselves.

Türkiye Selçuklu Sultanı I. Gıyaseddin Keyhüsrev Döneminde Devlet Yapılanması

Türkiye Selçuklu Sultanı I. Gıyaseddin Keyhüsrev ikinci saltanatı döneminde ülkede siyasî birliği ve istikrarı sağladıktan sonra devleti idarî olarak yeniden yapılandırmıştır. Bir plan ve program dâhilinde gerçekleştirilen bu yapılandırma; güçlü yönetim, güçlü ekonomi, kaynaşmış toplum ve uç beyliği politikası olarak dört temel esas üzerine tesis edilmiştir. Bu bağlamda devlet yönetiminde liyakatli komutan ve beyler yanında ilim ve fikir adamları da görevlendirilmiştir. Meliklerin siyasî ve idarî yetkileri sınırlandırılmış, sosyal ve kültürel hayatta etkin olan güçler arasında denge kurulmuştur. Ülke genelinde yol emniyeti sağlanarak ticari faaliyetlere önem verilmiş, limanlara sahip olmak için askerî seferler düzenlenilerek denizlere ulaşılmıştır. Dîvân-ı mezâlim etkin olarak çalıştırılmış, Müslüman halka olduğu gibi gayr-i müslimlere de huzurlu bir ortam sunulmuştur. Bu durum diğer ülkelerdeki gayr-i müslimlerin de Selçuklu ülkesine gelmesini sağlamıştır. Anadolu fütüvveti olan Ahilik ile diğer tasavvufi oluşumlar himaye edilerek, halkın dini inancının ve milli bilincinin korunması siyaseti takip edilmiştir. Sultan I. Gıyaseddin Keyhüsrev’in ikinci saltanat döneminde, yönetim siyaseti ve devlet idarî yapısında gerçekleştirilen değişim ve dönüşümün ifade edildiği bu makalede, amaca bağlı yöntem olarak, konu ile ilgili tarih metodolojisine uygun literatür incelemesi yapılmış sonra da panoramik bakış açısıyla tarihî-felsefik bir perspektif ortaya konulmuştur.

Philosophy and University Studies

The German social philosopher, educator, and founder of critical social theory Max Horkheimer wrote his work ‘Philosophy and University Studies’ as a speech delivered on August 6, 1948, at the University of Frankfurt before returning from emigration to the United States to post-war West Germany. A year later, after Horkheimer was reinstated as Director of the Institute for Social Research, this text was first published in the fourth issue of the ‘Frankfurter Hefte’. In this work, with which the German philosopher began a cycle of his philosophical and educational works, he continued the previous theme of the book ‘Dialectic of Enlightenment’ (1947), which, published in collaboration with Theodor W. Adorno, has the character of a programmatic socio-philosophical work of post-war critical theory. Horkhamer’s critique of the ideological elimination of the phenomenon of Western individual, which he made in his post-war article ‘Authority and the Family in Modernity’ (1947-1949), also found its theoretical continuation here. Following the theoretical essence of the ‘Dialectic of Enlightenment’, the Frankfurt philosopher identified one of the factors negative for the humanistic socio-cultural development of Western European society, which historically led to the humanitarian catastrophe of the Nazi ideology carriers domination, the theoretical knowledge that has powerfully eliminated the presence of customary principles of moral coexistence in Western society. The author also noted the process of ideological abolition of the social significance of the individual’s activity as a phenomenon of Western culture. Philosophy, primarily as a producer and carrier of abstract meanings, including humanistic ones, ideologically significant for normal social life, because of the social alienation caused by such a theory and society, has lost the opportunity to be a significant knowledge for both Western European society and university education as a common tool for this culture to educate the Western personality. In order to renew the spiritual forces of social life and turn the course of history towards humanised change, it was proposed to bring to the forefront of the renewed university education the power of personal critical thinking, the ability to foster which social power could not completely destroy in philosophy because of its traditionally inherent spiritual resilience.

ASPECTS OF THE SOCIO-ECONOMIC IMPACT OF HEALTH TOURISM

Tourism is considered as a powerful life force for economic and social development. The tourism sector stimulates economic growth both nationally and internationally, increasing employment and investment, with the export of services developing in both quantitative and qualitative terms. Tourism contributes to the preservation of cultural and natural heritage, it guarantees income which could be used to finance cultural heritage objects and infrastructures, promoting the overall perception of European identity and citizenship based on diversity and exceptionality (European Tourism Manifesto, 2022). In 2021, Lithuania Travel, a public enterprise, carried out research on the development of the tourism sector with the analysis of research findings provided by the expert group of the World Tourism Organisation (WTO) and the European Travel Commission (ETC). According to the research, the period of crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as the severe restrictions applied to the tourism sector in all countries, which not only had short-term negative effects, but also changed travel traditions and habits (increased demand for nature and domestic tourism, health, hygienic conditions and safety considered as the most important criterion when choosing a travel destination), is also relevant as Lithuania needs to maximise its potential by creating an image of a safe country with high standards of hygiene. According to the above-mentioned research, the integration of innovations and technological novelties in the tourism sector was also emphasised. In the course of the development of the tourism industry, of which the segment of health tourism is a part, with the ambition not only to reach the quantitative rates of 2019, but even to exceed them, it is reasonable to assess the socio-economic impact. The aim of this article is – to present aspects of socio-economic impact of health tourism on sending and receiving countries. During the systematic review of the research literature, the search for research articles was carried out in the following databases: Cambridge Journals Online; EBSCO; Emerald Publishing; SAGE Journals Online; Science direct; Tylor&amp;Francis etc. The research articles included in the systemic research review cover the period from 1999 to 2023. The methods of comparative analysis, synthesis, graphical presentation and generalisation were used to present the research results. The study assessed the socio-economic impact of health tourism in two areas: positive and negative impact on the countries that send and receive tourists. The analysis of the research literature carried out has shown that if the appropriate regulatory mechanism of health services is not ensured, as well as the appropriate and fair distribution of income from health tourism activities, it may be difficult for low-income social groups to receive timely health services. Therefore, during the development of the health tourism industry, special attention should be paid to ensuring equal access to health services for all social groups, as well as to the training of competent professionals working in health tourism organisations.

The Interweaving of Everyday and Structural Perspectives: Exploring Suburban Struggles of Everyday Life

Everyday life is a central element for understanding the (sub)urban. Broader forces shape the (sub)urban and manifest in both its geographical structures and everyday life. These forces also shape globalized and complex urban contexts. Recent debates have addressed the question of which research designs best decipher this interplay. We argue that the struggles of everyday life could be a fruitful starting point for (sub)urban studies. Our research on socio-spatial changes in suburbia shows that these struggles emerge in a multidimensional field of tension. The concept of struggles of everyday life simultaneously acknowledges the relevance of the everyday and the impact of structural forces. We demonstrate this with our research design, the essential elements of which are literature work, narrative-episodic interviews, expert interviews, vignettes, and a hermeneutic, iterative research process. Conceptually, our research is based on the epistemological framework of planetary urbanization and Henri Lefebvre’s perspective on everyday life. We outline which conceptual and methodical approaches are useful for deciphering the interweaving of everyday life and structural forces, through the example of a suburb of the City of Cologne, Germany. Thereby, we provide remarks on recent questions of comparative urbanism in conceptual and methodological terms.

On the Prevalence and Roles of Proteins Undergoing Liquid-Liquid Phase Separation in the Biogenesis of PML-Bodies.

The formation and function of membrane-less organelles (MLOs) is one of the main driving forces in the molecular life of the cell. These processes are based on the separation of biopolymers into phases regulated by multiple specific and nonspecific inter- and intramolecular interactions. Among the realm of MLOs, a special place is taken by the promyelocytic leukemia nuclear bodies (PML-NBs or PML bodies), which are the intranuclear compartments involved in the regulation of cellular metabolism, transcription, the maintenance of genome stability, responses to viral infection, apoptosis, and tumor suppression. According to the accepted models, specific interactions, such as SUMO/SIM, the formation of disulfide bonds, etc., play a decisive role in the biogenesis of PML bodies. In this work, a number of bioinformatics approaches were used to study proteins found in the proteome of PML bodies for their tendency for spontaneous liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS), which is usually caused by weak nonspecific interactions. A total of 205 proteins found in PML bodies have been identified. It has been suggested that UBC9, P53, HIPK2, and SUMO1 can be considered as the scaffold proteins of PML bodies. It was shown that more than half of the proteins in the analyzed proteome are capable of spontaneous LLPS, with 85% of the analyzed proteins being intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) and the remaining 15% being proteins with intrinsically disordered protein regions (IDPRs). About 44% of all proteins analyzed in this study contain SUMO binding sites and can potentially be SUMOylated. These data suggest that weak nonspecific interactions play a significantly larger role in the formation and biogenesis of PML bodies than previously expected.

Political, Economic and Social Options in Interwar Romania

"In the interwar period, as Romania crystallized its conception of a national state, the options for political, economic and social development matured. The two decades (1919-1939) represented an era full of vitality and creativity, in which Romanians from all social strata experienced new ideas in most areas of life. But, at the same time, it was also an era of disputes and divisions, because the Romanians were forced to reorganize institutions established a long time ago and to face the problems of a bourgeois society on the rise, on the way towards urbanization, a phenomenon common to all of Europe. In politics, the main concern was the survival and strengthening of parliamentary democracy faced with serious challenges from the forces of authoritarianism. From an economic point of view, agriculture remained the basis of the Romanian economy, continued to be the main occupation of the majority of the population and provided significant amounts of money through exports. At the same time, industry has made substantial progress, constantly increasing its contribution to national income. Regarding the social structure, as before the First World War, the peasantry constituted the majority of the population. The urban working class continued to grow as industry and commerce increasingly attracted the interest of politicians. However, the social category that left its mark on the interwar period was the bourgeoisie, which, although it was reduced in number during this period, managed to become the leading force in both political and economic life."

The Many Names and Shapes of Water: Emergent Narratives on a Non-existing Water Body in Latin America

In a well-known narrative, a body of water intertwined with a suburban landscape in a town near Bogotá, Colombia's capital, is menaced by an expansive real estate industry. This paper offers a historical view on how the marshlands in and around Bogotá were dried. It examines how certain technologies captured, governed, and instrumentalised water. However, water manages to slip through these technologies, defying colonial relations but also falling into certain technoscientific classifications. Consequently, this work aims to go beyond colonial taxonomies of water and nature by focusing on the entanglements of both human and non-human actors through a multispecies ethnography. This allows us to delve deeper into the ways in which water, as a life force, provides the conditions for a rich and biodiverse assembling, letting us be part and witnesses of narratives that challenge the traditional views of Earth and the relationships between humans and the environment, also known as Gaia stories ( Haraway 2019 ). To conclude, we propose an exercise of political imagination through a situated story that helps us imagine a multispecies flourishing future that provides us clues for knitting a more just future for all of us.